SS-31

SS-31 is a research-grade peptide from the Szeto–Schiller class designed to selectively localize to mitochondria and interact with cardiolipin within the inner mitochondrial membrane. Through modulation of cardiolipin–protein interactions, SS-31 is used to investigate electron transport chain (ETC) efficiency, membrane organization, and mitochondrial structural integrity.

Research models suggest SS-31 may help preserve cristae architecture, enhance ATP production, and reduce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) under conditions of metabolic or oxidative stress. Due to these properties, it is widely utilized in preclinical studies examining mitochondrial resilience and bioenergetic regulation.

SS-31 is commonly applied in research models of ischemia–reperfusion injury, cardiac and renal dysfunction, and neuroinflammation, as well as in assays evaluating oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, membrane potential, and mitochondrial ultrastructure.